In October 2005, the 2nd International Conference on Antiziganism took place in Hamburg. The conference was supported by various organizations, including the Council of Europe, the University of Hamburg, and the Hamburg State Center for Political Education. The aim was to discuss scientific approaches to clarify, uncover, and combat Antiziganism. In the opening ceremony, representatives from academia, politics, and Roma organizations spoke. They all emphasized the importance of collaboration between affected individuals and the majority society in combating Antiziganism. Rudko Kawczynski regretted that the conference was 60 years too late, but was pleased with the active participation.